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6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. F. GASKILL.

PUMPING ENGINE- No. 372,794. Patented Nov. 8; 1887.

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H. P. GASKILL.

PUMPING ENGINE.

N0. 372,794. Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

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H. I.. GASKILL.

PUMPING ENGINE.

No. 372,794. Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet '4.

H. P. GASKILL.

PUMPING ENGINE.

No. 372,794. 7 Pa ented Nov. 8,;1887.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

H. F. GASKILL.

' PUMPING ENGINE. V 7 No. 372,794 Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

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HARVEY F. GASKILL, OF LOOKPORT, NEW YORK.

PUMPING-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,794, dated November 8, 1887.

Application filed April 14, 1887.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, HARVEY F. GASKILL, of Lockport, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pumping and Similar Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to pumping and other engines which act directly against a substantially uniform resistance, and in which steam is used expansively. Its object is to equalize the powerof the engine-in other words, to

a receiver, into which the hi gh-pressure steam is exhausted after doing its duty as above, and I cause steam from said receiver to act in opposition to the high-pressure steam-thatis 7,

to say, to favor the motion of the engine during 'the first parts of its stroke and to oppose its motion during the latter parts of its stroke. I

also draw steam from thereeeiver to drive the engine in some cases.

In the drawings I have represented a compound pumping-engine employing my invention. This engine consists of three cylinders, one of which is of larger diameter than the others, a receiver, into which the high-pressure steam is exhausted after doing its duty in the propercylinders,and from which it is drawn off to do further duty under a lower pressure, and suitable valves for regulating the flow of the steam. The three cylinders are arranged in the same axial line, the larger cylinder being between the other two. Their pistons are all connected by suitable piston-rods and yokes, so that they all move together. High-pressure steam is admitted to the outer ends only of the small cylinders. The inner ends of those cylinders take steam from the receiver, and the larger cylinder is supplied direct from the inner ends of the small cylinders.

. The operation of this engine may be best followed in connection with the drawings.

Figure 1 of the drawings is atop or plan valves at that time.

Serial No. 234,737. (No model.)

View. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal vertical section showing the pistons at the end of their travel and about to move in the direction indicated by the arrows and showing the position of the Fig. 3 is a similar section showing the pistons moved onethird of a stroke from the posit-ion in Fig. 2, this being the point of cut-off and corresponding positions of the valves. Fig. 4 is a similar section showing the stroke completed and the pistons about to start on the return-stroke. Fig. 5' is a similar section showing the position of the parts at the point of cut-ofi of the returnstroke, being one-third of that stroke. Figs. 6 and 7 show a convenient arrangement of this machine as a duplex pumping-engine.

A, O, and A are the three cylinders; a, c, and a, their respective pistons; K J K, their respective piston-rods. The large cylinder 0 has two piston-rods,.one at each side of the small cylinders.

I I are yokes connecting the piston-rods of the central cylinder with those of the end cylinders, so that all three pistons move together.

0 is the continuation of the piston-rod system for operating the pump.

D and D are the outer ends of the small cylinders; E and E, their inner ends.

F and F are the two ends of the central cylinder.

d and d arevalves which govern the admission of steam to and its exhaustion from ends D and D, respectively.

. e and e are the valves which regulate the admission of steam to the ends E and E, respectively.

f andf are the valves which regulate the passage of steam from E to F and from E to F, respectively.

g and g are the exhaustyalves of the can tral cylinder; P, the exhaust-pipe, which may lead to the condenser.

L is the main steam-pipe from the boiler; Q, the throttle-valve; laud Z, the branches to convey steam from L to D and D.

R is the receiver.

- m m n n are pipes to establish communication of the receivers with D, D, E, and E, respectively.

' The operation of the apparatus is as follows: Fig. 2 shows the pistons at the beginning of their stroke and the valves 6 e f f g 9 moving in the direction indicated by the arrows. This motion of the valves closes e and opens c, opensf and closes f, closes g and opens g, the valves (1 and d meanwhile remaining in substantially the position shown. Steam accordingly enters D from receiverR through at and d and urges piston a forward. The steam in Efrom the previous stroke passes through f into E and urges piston 0 forward, and steam enters E from receiver It through a and c and urges piston a forward. The steam in E from the previous stroke passes out through and P to the condenser, and steam from the boiler en ters D through i and d. The three pistons are accordingly urged forward by steam under the pressure of the receiver acting in D and E, and by steam in E and I acting expansively on the excess of area of C over a, and their motion is resisted by steam under boiler-pressure acting in D and by the uniform resist ance of thepumps. Acting under these forces, the pistons move forward to the point of cutoff shown in Fig. 3. At this point the valve 6 begins to close, and is closed immediately there after, and the valves (1 and (1 change their position, so that steam from the boiler is admitted through 2 and (2 into D, and the steam in D is exhausted into the receiver It through d and m. The pistons are now urged forward by steam under boiler-pressure acting in D, by steam in E acting expansively on a, and by steam in E and F, as before, and their motion will be resisted by steam acting in D under the pressure existing in the receiver, as D is exhausting into the receiver, thevalves being in the positions shown in Fig. 4, and also by the uniform resistance of the pumps. Acting under these forces, the pistons complete their stroke and reach the position shown in Fig. 4. At this point the valves 0, c, f, f, g, and 9 move as indicated by the arrows, the valves d and (1 remaining substantially stationary,and the pistons make their return-stroke in the same manner that they made their forward stroke. Thus it will be seen that at the beginning of the stroke, when there would naturally be an excess of power, I apply an extra resistance, and toward the end of the stroke, when the steam has expanded somewhat and there is a deficiency of power, I apply an extra force in aid of the engine. It will also be seen that I attain ahigh degree of expansion, as the steam from the receiver is expanded in E and E from the point of cut-off to the end of the stroke, and is then further expanded on the returnstroke into E and F.

I have not thought it necessary to show or describe the valve operating mechanism or the pumping mechanism, as the ordinary mechanic skilled ,in this art will readily adopt such appliances as may be suitable, and will also make such modifications and adaptations of what I have shown and described as may seem desirable in the particular case he has in view.

On first starting the engine after it has been idle for a time, it is desirable to admit a portion of steam to the receiver, so as to have a supply there to start with. This may best be done by admitting a portion of steam direct from the boiler by a pipe provided for that purpose.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The method of operating and equalizing the power of an engine which uses steam expansively, by causing steam under initial pressure acting in a cylinder to re-enforce the engine during the latter parts of its stroke, exhausting said steam into a receiver, and drawing steam from said receiver to drive the engine, substantially as set forth.

2. The method of operating and equalizing the power of an engine which uses steam eX- pansively,by causing steam under initial pressure acting in a cylinder to oppose the motion of the engine during the first parts of its stroke, exhausting said steam into a receiver, and drawing steam from said receiver to drive the engine, substantially as set forth. 4

3. The method of equalizing the power of an engine which uses steam expansively, consisting in causing steam under initial pressure acting in a cylinder to oppose the motion of the engine during the first portions of its stroke, causing steam under initial pressure acting in a cylinder to favor the motion of the engine during the latter portions of its stroke, exhausting the steam thus used into a receiver, causing steam from the receiver to favor the motion of the engine during the first portions of its stroke, and causing steam from the receiver to oppose the motion of the engine during the latter portions of its stroke, substantially as set forth.

4. The method of operating and equalizing the power of an engine which uses steam expansively, consisting in causing steam under initial pressure acting in a cylinder to oppose the motion of the engine during the first portions of the stroke, causing steam under iniitial pressure acting in a cylinder to favor the motion of the engine during the latter portions of its stroke, exhausting the steam thus used into a receiver, and drawing steam from said receiver to drive the engine, substantially as set forth.

5. The method of equalizing the power of an engine which uses steam cxpansively, consisting in causing a portion of steam under less than initial pressure acting in a cylinder to favor the motion of the engine during the first parts of its stroke, and causing a portion of steam under initial pressure acting in a cylinder to favor the motion of the engine during the latter parts of its stroke, substantially as set forth.

6. The method of operating and equalizing the power of an engine which uses steam expansively, consisting in employing three cylinders and a receiver, one of said cylinders being larger than the others, admitting steam from the receiver behind the smaller pistons during the first parts of the stroke and in front of one of them during the latter parts smaller pistons from a previous stroke into thereof, admitting steam under initial pressthe space behind the larger piston, substanr0 ure in front of one of the smaller pistons tially as set forth.

during the first parts of the stroke and be- 5 hindone of them during the latter parts HARVEY GASKILL' thereof, and exhausting said steam at the Witnesses: proper time into the receiver, and expanding CHAS. H. Comes, the steam remaining in front of one of the A. L. DAVISON. 

